Marissa Salim

Central banks continued their gold accumulation in July with net buying reported at 23t. Emerging markets have also continued to accumulate gold this month with China (20t) and Poland (8t) taking the lead. On a y-t-d basis, central banks reported purchases have totalled around 130t of gold. This compares to a reported ~160t which was purchased over the same period last year.

Central banks bought 51t of gold in June with Poland and China continuing to lead gold accumulation. Buyers for the month included Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Jordan, Czech Republic, Ghana and Georgia, while net sellers this month were Russia and Turkey.

Central banks were back in buying mode in May – and with a little more spring in their step. Based on the latest reported data, official gold reserves increased by a net 41t during the month, with purchases once again concentrated among a familiar cast of buyers.

Central banks resumed net gold purchases in April, having bought 17t. This was a rebound from the sizeable net sales reported in March. Poland remained be the top buyer in the month (14t), while China intensified its pace of purchases: its 8t net purchase is the highest since December 2024 and extends its current buying run to 18 consecutive months. The Czech Republic shows similar consistency in purchases, having bought 3t in April, its 38th consecutive monthly purchase. Meanwhile, Russia continues its sales streak this month (6t), with y-t-d sales of 22t.

Central banks sold 30t of gold in March with sales concentrated in a few central banks, mainly Turkey (79t) and Russia (6t). 

Central banks remain firm on gold accumulation in February, having bought a net 27t. This was a rebound from the lull we saw in January, and in line with the monthly average of 26t reported in 2025. Just two months into the year, central banks have bought 31t, a pace much slower than the same period last year (50t).

After a strong year of buying, central banks started 2026 more cautiously: January net purchases came in at 5t, below the prior 12‑month average of 27t. Even so, with geopolitical tensions still elevated, the longer‑term appetite to add gold looks set to persist.

Central banks bought 19t of gold in December 2025 via the IMF and other public data sources, bringing full year 2025 reported net purchases to 328t. This is lower than the 345t of net purchases recorded in 2024. 

Central banks bought a net 45t in November, and while down slightly from October, buying has remained elevated compared to the earlier months of this year. National Bank of Poland led net buying for the second consecutive month after October’s resurgent buying from the bank.

Central banks reported 39t of net purchases in September via the IMF and other public data sources. This buying was up 78% m/m and is the highest month of reported net buying in 2025 so far. Y-t-d, central banks have reported 200t of net gold buying.*

Global central banks bought net 10t in July based on reported data, a moderate net allocation compared to previous months. Despite this slower pace of net buying, central banks continue to be net buyers of gold even in the current price range. 

Central banks added a net 20t to global gold reserves in May, an uptick from the previous month, though overall pace has moderated slightly.

Central banks continue momentum of gold purchases into March 2025.

Demand for gold from central bankers continues, with data available for February showing reported global central bank gold reserves rising by 24t. Thus far, Poland, China, Turkey, and the Czech Republic have led gold demand from emerging market central banks. 

Central banks continued their strong interest for gold in January with reported net purchases of 18t. The sustained buying highlights the strategic importance of gold in official reserves, particularly as central banks navigate heightened geopolitical risks.