Central Banks

Central banks bought 19t of gold in December 2025 via the IMF and other public data sources, bringing full year 2025 reported net purchases to 328t. This is lower than the 345t of net purchases recorded in 2024. 

Central banks bought a net 45t in November, and while down slightly from October, buying has remained elevated compared to the earlier months of this year. National Bank of Poland led net buying for the second consecutive month after October’s resurgent buying from the bank.

Central bank demand for gold remained robust in October, totalling 53t (+36% m/m) and continuing the strong trend seen throughout the year. Buying remained concentrated among a small number of central banks, led by the National Bank of Poland which became active again during the month.

Central banks reported 39t of net purchases in September via the IMF and other public data sources. This buying was up 78% m/m and is the highest month of reported net buying in 2025 so far. Y-t-d, central banks have reported 200t of net gold buying.*

Central banks added a net 19t to global gold reserves in August, based on reported data from both the IMF and respective central banks. This is broadly in line with monthly net purchases between March and June, and signals a return to buying form after global reserves were unchanged in July.

Global central banks bought net 10t in July based on reported data, a moderate net allocation compared to previous months. Despite this slower pace of net buying, central banks continue to be net buyers of gold even in the current price range.